It would appear from these data that the economic activities of Palaeolithic man (400/350,000-11,000 BP) aimed chiefly at finding food and were restricted to hunting animals, birds and collecting gastropods, herbs and fruits, either individually or in groups. The hunting of an animal or more (herds) was practised in thick woodlands (Epirus, Lakonia), narrow plains (Voidomatis valley), mountain passages leading to the plains (Piges tou Angiti), but also on coastal plains (Epirus, Argolid). The bone remains at the rockshelters Kleidi and Boila in Epirus show that the hunters were aware of the seasonal movements of the animals (eg. deer), which went beyond the coastal regions of Voidomatis valley. Moreover, the fish and marine shell remains attest to the movements of the hunters-rockshelter residents towards the end of the Upper Palaeolithic (15,000-11,000 BP).

Bears, cave lions, rhinoceros, mammoths, horses, wolves, deer and chamois to a greater degree, wild bulls, pigs, asses, small mammals (weasel, badger, beaver), rodents, birds, fish, marine and land gastropods, were among the animal remains recognized by the palaeozoologists at caves and rockshelters in the Greek area.

Studies of the palaeobotanists in plant remains from Theopetra in Thessaly and Franchthi in Hermionid show that apart from the thick coniferous forests, the Paleolithic fauna comprised of oak tree, burdock, lithosperum, field gromwell, elder, wild almond, pea, clover, lentil, raspberry, poppy, field-bean etc.

Stone tools were used predominately for hunting and food processing (scraping and cutting) but bone or antler tools were also used. Flint and quartz, usually originating from the hunter's zone of activity (eg. lapis lacedaemonius in Lakonia) were appropriate materials for the manufacture of lithic tools. There is evidence from the Voidomatis valley that raw material was transported over long distances as sources of hard flint, which was preferred to soft flint, has been traced beyond the valley. The quarrying of this raw material was carried out in conjunction with hunting activities by the hunters of the Upper Palaeolithic.

Finally, during the Upper Palaeolithic there is evidence of the following productive activities in the Greek area: the manufacture of pots made of wood and clay (Theopetra) and the extraction of red ochre from hematite resources (Thasos) used as a colouring substance or to be deposited in human burials!