Votive reliefs should probably be connected either with earlier wooden reliefs or with inscribed plaques dedicated at shrines. They appeared in Attica at the same time as tomb reliefs made their reappearance. They were normally a low parallelogram shape, with a crowning pediment. The person dedicating the monument was often shown on it. As a rule, human beings were smaller in size than the gods and heroes who waited to welcome them - often lying on a couch, a pose associated with funerary banquets and, fairly obviously, with the heroification of the dead person. The gods most often depicted were Artemis, Pan, Dionysus, Pluto, and - from the 4th century onwards - Asclepius. Other members of the cast were Amphiaraus and Hygieia; the Dioscuri; Zeus 'Philius'; and river gods (for example, Achelous).

Document reliefs were a uniquely Attic speciality. They were reliefs embellishing the upper part of stelae with decrees of the Council and the People of Athens inscribed on them. Whenever the decree was a treaty between Athens and some other city-state, there was a picture of the protecting deities. This happens in the decorative relief for a decree in honour of Samos: it shows Athena and Hera. In the 4th century the usual thing was to actually personify the city (Corcyra, for example), the Athenian People, and the Athenian Democracy. Document reliefs can be dated exactly, but this does not help us any with dating other sculptures, since the scenes in these reliefs are conventional and fairly mediocre in artistic quality.


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