During the Neolithic Period the dead were buried inside their houses -beneath the floor- or very close to them, at the limits of the settlements they had lived in. Burials were as a rule isolated, while cemeteries have rarely been encountered; the latter date from the Early (Soufli Magoula), Late (Soufli Magoula, Platia Magoula Zarkou) and Final Neolithic (Kephala-Kea, Tharrounia-Euboea, Yiali-Dodecanese).

2. Cremation of the dead, partial (Early Neolithic) or complete (Late Neolithic), accompanied by vases, or cremations in which the cremated were in several cases placed in vases, the first known in Greece and some of the oldest in Europe, and
3. Collecting the bones (skull, thighs, ribs) of the dead individual and burying these beneath the floors of the house (Prodromos in Karditsa) or in a specific part of a cave (a kind of ossuary in Alepotrypa in Diros).
An exception to the burial customs of the Neolithic was the chamber tomb with a passage (dromos), discovered in the area of the Ancient Agora of Athens and this is the oldest example of its kind in Greece. The dead were accompanied by funerary items, such as pottery, stone tools, animal offerings, while from the Final Neolithic onwards figurines and jewellery were offered.

Burial practices reflected the beliefs of Neolithic society concerning death, which was not considered as simply a form of sleep continued inside the house of the dead, beneath the floor where their kinship continued their activities. Burial offerings of vases and other objects on the charred bodies of the dead suggests in fact a belief in life after death, in the immaterial and therefore indestructible soul!